Hello! I am Jon Paulien and I’m glad you came to this page to check out my work. I am a New Testament scholar and Professor of Religion at Loma Linda University. On this website you will find a collection of my articles, commentary on Revelation, and links to my blog, videos, and other resources. Make sure you check the articles link above regularly to see the latest postings. In my hand above is an exact replica of p52, the earliest extant New Testament manuscript fragment, containing portions of John, chapter 18. Centered above my head is a replica of ancient Greek pottery. At either end above are two sets of books from, and about, my favorite spiritual author, Ellen G. White. I hope you enjoy the site.

Daily Devotional For September 24, 2026

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And I heard a loud voice from the temple say to the seven angels, “Go, pour out the seven bowls of the wrath of God into the earth.” And the first angel went away and poured out his bowl into the earth, and an ugly and painful boil broke out upon the men who had the mark of the beast and had worshiped his image. Rev 16:1-2.

           Are the plagues literal or figurative? It is difficult to know. In the Book of Revelation, a figurative reading is normally preferred (see Rev 1:1). Most of the book, particularly the seals and trumpets, makes sense only in a symbolic way.
           Figuratively, the plagues could represent the consequences that come as a result of sin. In the Old Testament these are called the curses of the covenant. The boils of the first plague resemble leprosy, a symbol of the putrefying effects of sin on the soul. The waters turning to blood could conceivably be taken literally. But it would take the total abandonment of law and order or a universal war to cause so much bloodshed that the ocean waters turn a bloody red. If you take the image symbolically, it may represent that those whose hearts are set on sin lose access to the water of life. The scorching sun could represent the intensified glare of God’s word as it points out sin and calls for judgment on those who oppose Him.
           But in the end, the plagues may simply be a fairly literal outline of the terrible experience of the wicked in the last generation. They will suffer sores and diseases, extreme pollution and weather that is completely out of control. Everything that is designed to make life worth living is taken away.
           People today don’t want to talk about God’s judgment. They feel that judgment is not what a god is for. But Santa Claus theology cannot cope with the reality of evil or seemingly senseless suffering. To make God kind but never firm is to deny His Lordship over a world that is full of suffering. Facing hardship without some sense that God has a purpose in it can only lead to a fatalistic resignation. A God who never inflicts corporate judgments on the world is not the God of Scripture, He is an idol of our own making.
           This is not to say that any time someone suffers it is a judgment from God of some sort. Some may experience suffering as a judgment, others may experience the same suffering as a test of faith. Suffering rarely reveals its purpose to us, but it always summons our attention to the God who can help us understand the purpose in our suffering. With all the wrongs that happen in this world, we should not find it hard to believe that God’s judgments are needed to bring about justice in this world.¹

           Lord, I thank You for the firmness of character that will right all wrongs in this world someday. Give me the confidence to trust Your Lordship of this world until then.

¹ Last half of devotional based on Keener, 400.